1. R&R : Radio And Radar contact
활용) VFR Pilot이 IFR로 변경을 요구하는 상황, 관제사가 바로 clearance를 줄 수 없으므로 우선 트랜스폰더코드로 ID부터 내려고 함, Radar는 필수는 아니지만 Radio는 필수 contact, 이때 Radar와 Radio까지 모두 contact 되어 모든 항공기의 모든 정보를 알게되면 이런 항공기를 Known traffic 이라고 함.
Tip) KNOWN TRAFFIC- With respect to ATC clearances, means aircraft whose altitude, position, and intentions are known to ATC.
2. RADAR APPROACH- An instrument approach procedure which utilizes Precision Approach Radar (PAR) or Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR).
활용) 조종사가 레이더를 가지고 Approach 하는 것이 아님, 레이더를 가지고 있는 관제사의 지시에 따라 Approach하는 것
(cf) PAR : 활공각 지시까지 해줌, 주로 Final approach에서
ASR : Course Guidance 만, 범위가 훨씬 넓음
3. RADAR CONTACT-
a. Used by ATC to inform an aircraft that it is identified on the radar display and radar flight following will be provided until radar identification is terminated. Radar service may also be provided within the limits of necessity and capability. When a pilot is informed of "radar contact," he/she automatically discontinues reporting over compulsory reporting points.
b. The term used to inform the controller that the aircraft is identified and approval is granted for the aircraft to enter the receiving controllers airspace.
활용)
ATC : Univ 32 Squawk Ident
Pilot : (Readback 없이 IDENT 버튼만 누른다)
1) ATC : (Pilot의 IDENT 후) Univ 32, Radar contact
2) ATC : (Pilot의 IDENT 후) Univ 32 your IDENT observed = Your IDENT identified
4. RADAR CONTACT LOST- Used by ATC to inform a pilot that radar data used to determine the aircraft's position is no longer being received, or is no longer reliable and radar service is no longer being provided. The loss may be attributed to several factors including the aircraft merging with weather or ground clutter, the aircraft operating below radar line of sight coverage, the aircraft entering an area of poor radar return, failure of the aircraft transponder, or failure of the ground radar equipment.
활용) 관제가 이 말을 하는 이유는 곧 레이더에 잡힐 것이지만 관제사의 책임사유에 의해서 이 말을 하지 않았을 경우에 사고시에 관제사의 면책을 위하여 하는 말기이도 함, Collision Avoidance를 조종사야 더 조심해라
1) 관제사는 이미 어느 지역에서 레이더에 잡히지 않는 것을 알고 있을 상황에서 Blind spot (blanking area)에 항공기가 들어갔을 때
2) Radar의 직상공은 잘 안 잡힘 (Why? 원뿔을 엎어 놓은 형태로 레이다 전파가 잡혀가므로)
ATC : Univ 32 Radar contact lost, report 3miles southwest 오산
Pilot : Control Univ 32 over station
Pilot : (3mile와서) Univ 32 3miles south west 오산
5. RADAR FLIGHT FOLLOWING- The observation of the progress of radar identified aircraft, whose primary navigation is being provided by the pilot, wherein the controller retains and correlates the aircraft identity with the appropriate target or target symbol displayed on the radar scope.
활용) = Radar Monitoring
Tip) RADAR SERVICE- A term which encompasses one or more of the following services based on the use of radar which can be provided by a controller to a pilot of a radar identified aircraft.
a. Radar Monitoring- The radar flight-following of aircraft, whose primary navigation is being performed by the pilot, to observe and note deviations from its authorized flight path, airway, or route. When being applied specifically to radar monitoring of instrument approaches; i.e., with precision approach radar (PAR) or radar monitoring of simultaneous ILS/MLS approaches, it includes advice and instructions whenever an aircraft nears or exceeds the prescribed PAR safety limit or simultaneous ILS/MLS no transgression zone.
b. Radar Navigational Guidance- Vectoring aircraft to provide course guidance.
활용) 관제사가 길을 이끌어 주는 것
Tip) RESUME OWN NAVIGATION- Used by ATC to advise a pilot to resume his/her own navigational responsibility. It is issued after completion of a radar vector or when radar contact is lost while the aircraft is being radar vectored.
활용) 원래 너 가려던 데로 가라, Vectoring을 종료, 조종사가 조종하셔!
c. Radar Separation- Radar spacing of aircraft in accordance with established minima.
활용) 간격분리 Horizontal, Vertically, 큰 항공로 부터 wake turbulence로 인한 간격분리
6. RADAR SERVICE TERMINATED- Used by ATC to inform a pilot that he/she will no longer be provided any of the services that could be received while in radar contact. Radar service is automatically terminated, and the pilot is not advised in the following cases:
a. An aircraft cancels its IFR flight plan, except within Class B airspace, Class C airspace, a TRSA, or where Basic Radar service is provided.
b. An aircraft conducting an instrument, visual, or contact approach has landed or has been instructed to change to advisory frequency.
c. An arriving VFR aircraft, receiving radar service to a tower-controlled airport within Class B airspace, Class C airspace, a TRSA, or where sequencing service is provided, has landed; or to all other airports, is instructed to change to tower or advisory frequency.
d. An aircraft completes a radar approach.
활용) Sector를 넘어 갈 때 상투적으로 나오는 말
ATC : (call sign) Departing Airspace, Radar Service Terminated, Maintain VFR, Resume Own Navigation, Frequency change approved
다 말해주기도 하고 하지 않을 수 도 있으니 계속 말하여 입에 붙여서 잘 들리도록 한다
7. RADIAL- A magnetic bearing extending from a VOR/VORTAC/TACAN navigation facility.
활용) VOR에서 사용 되는 방위각 이므로 Magnetic North, 반드시 VOR Station(국)으로 부터의 방위로(From의 개념) Heading과는 무관한 방위이다
8. RADIO-
a. A device used for communication.
b. Used to refer to a flight service station; e.g., "Seattle Radio" is used to call Seattle FSS.
활용) FSS는 한국에는 원칙적으로 존재하지 않음, 미국에서 FSS가 없으면 비행을 할 수가 없음 - 현재 미국에서는 많은 돈이 들어가므로 자동화하려고 함, RCO(Remote Communications Outlet)로 바꾸기도 함, FSS를 부를 때 “Jackson Radio” 즉 FSS Call sign이 Radio
9. REMOTE COMMUNICATIONS OUTLET- An unmanned communications facility remotely controlled by air traffic personnel. RCOs serve FSSs. RTRs serve terminal ATC facilities. An RCO or RTR may be UHF or VHF and will extend the communication range of the air traffic facility. There are several classes of RCOs and RTRs. The class is determined by the number of transmitters or receivers. Classes A through G are used primarily for air/ground purposes. RCO and RTR class O facilities are nonprotected outlets subject to undetected and prolonged outages. RCO (O's) and RTR (O's) were established for the express purpose of providing ground-to-ground communications between air traffic control specialists and pilots located at a satellite airport for delivering en route clearances, issuing departure authorizations, and acknowledging instrument flight rules cancellations or departure/landing times. As a secondary function, they may be used for advisory purposes whenever the aircraft is below the coverage of the primary air/ground frequency.
활용) RCO : 통화가 안되는 곳에서 통화하기 위한 기지국정도로 생각하면 됨, ATC를 중계, RCO가 없을 경우에는 FSS에 contact 하여 clearance를 얻는다. 안되면 Phone call 어디로? Wx - brief(Whether brief) 여기에 전화하면 이뿐 아니라 Void time까지 줌, 이 때 : A/C , Location, IFR/VFR, Destination
10. READ BACK- Repeat my message back to me.
11. Recycle Transponder
활용) Transponder에서 Setting이 analogue(기계식)의 경우 조그다이얼이 잘 맞지 않을 경우도 있으니 한번 확인해 보아라 - 작동은 하나 뭔가 좀 기계적으로 맞지 않는 것 같을 때 쓰는 말
Transponder를 껐다가 켜보다로 할때
(cf) Recycle Transponder와 Parrot check이 동일한 개념은 아님, Transponder을 Parrot 이라고도 하여 Transponder 장비를 점검 할 때는 Parrot Check 한다고 함, Parrot Check 시에는 하나하나 확인해보고 점검 시 정상이면 Parrot Check. 이는 모드를 확인 해보는 것.
Pilot : Control Univ 32 request Parrot check
ATC : (Mode별로 하나하나 점검한다)
ATC : (정상이면) Your parrot well
12. Reduce Speed to ( )
활용) ↔ Increase speed to ( )
군 - Set speed ( ) : ( )에 속도를 맞추어라
활용) ② 위치(Holding line)에서 하는 말
14. Ready in Sequence - 줄서서 기다리고 있음
e.g. Pilot : Tower Univ 32 No 3 in Sequence, ready for take off
나 3번째 있는 데 이륙 준비 끝
15. Report - 보고하라
16. Request
활용) 요구할 때 그냥 request 보다 는 have request를 더 많이 씀
17. Resume Own Navigation - 자체항법으로 환원하라
cf) Radar service terminated
18. RESUME NORMAL SPEED- Used by ATC to advise a pilot that previously issued speed control restrictions are deleted. An instruction to "resume normal speed" does not delete speed restrictions that are applicable to published procedures of upcoming segments of flight, unless specifically stated by ATC. This does not relieve the pilot of those speed restrictions which are applicable to 14 CFR Section 91.117.
활용) Separation을 목적으로 ATC가 속도를 조절을 하였으나 더 이상 ATC Speed 조절이 없으니 당신이 계획된 Speed로 가세요 라고 할 때 하는 말
19. ROGER- I have received all of your last transmission. It should not be used to answer a question requiring a yes or a no answer.
(cf) Affirmative와 비교, Wilco(I will comply it)보다는 Roger를 사용
20. RUNWAY HEADING- The magnetic direction that corresponds with the runway centerline extended, not the painted runway number. When cleared to "fly or maintain runway heading," pilots are expected to fly or maintain the heading that corresponds with the extended centerline of the departure runway. Drift correction shall not be applied; e.g., Runway 4, actual magnetic heading of the runway centerline 044, fly 044.
(cf) Execute Missed Approach 시에 Fly Runway heading
21. RUNWAY IN USE/ACTIVE RUNWAY/DUTY RUNWAY- Any runway or runways currently being used for takeoff or landing. When multiple runways are used, they are all considered active runways. In the metering sense, a selectable adapted item which specifies the landing runway configuration or direction of traffic flow. The adapted optimum flight plan from each transition fix to the vertex is determined by the runway configuration for arrival metering processing purposes.
활용) 사용 중인 활주로, Active runway를 Active라고 사용하기도 함
'ATC 용어집' 카테고리의 다른 글
| ATC 용어집 (t) (0) | 2018.01.07 |
|---|---|
| ATC 용어집 (s) (0) | 2018.01.07 |
| ATC 용어집 (q) (0) | 2017.12.27 |
| ATC 용어집 (p) (0) | 2017.12.27 |
| ATC 용어집 (o) (0) | 2017.12.27 |