SA (Situational Awareness)

1. The accurate perception and understanding of all the factors and conditions within the four fundamental risk elements (pilot, aircraft, environment, external pressures) that affect safety before, during, and after the flight.

2. Some of the obstacles to maintaining situational awareness

- Fatigue, stress, and work overload

3. "Operational pitfalls" → "right stuff."

- Peer pressure

- Mindset

- Get-There-Itis

- Duck-under syndrome/Descent below minimums

- Scud running

- Continuing visual flight rules (VFR) into instrument conditions

- Getting behind the aircraft

- Loss of positional or situational awareness

- Operating without adequate fuel reserves

- Descent below the minimum enroute altitude

- Flying outside the envelope

- Neglect of flight planning, preflight inspections, and checklists

※ Pilots always try to complete a flight as planned, please passengers, meet schedules, and generally demonstrate that they have the "right stuff."