ATC 용어집 (l)

1. Landing And Hold Short (Operation): LAHSO

활용) 착륙하는 항공기가 교차하는 RWY Taxiway 상의 Hold short point 전에 정지하는 Operation, 의무는 아님, 조종사가 거부가능

Hold short position↑

2. Land Assured

 

활용) (IFR 조종사가 하는 말) (날씨가 괜찮으니) 착륙이 확실시 됨. 즉, 나 IFR flight plan Closing, IFR flight plan을 마감합니다

3. Leaving = Passing

활용) 수직 혹은 수평적으로 통과할 때

ex) what altitude passing now? : 어느 고도 지나가싶니까?

Tip) out of ~ : ~을 통과할 때

e.g. out of 2,900 for 5,500 : 2900을 통과하여 5500으로 간다

= climbing through 2,900

내려갈때는 Descending through XXX : XXX를 통과하여 내려간다

4. Low Altitude Alert, Check Your Altitude Immediately : * See Safety Alert / Low Approach

활용) terrain 에 가까워 졌을 때 경고(CFIT 경고), 공중 추돌 경고(TCAS)

Tip) SAFETY ALERT- A safety alert issued by ATC to aircraft under their control if ATC is aware the aircraft is at an altitude which, in the controller's judgment, places the aircraft in unsafe proximity to terrain, obstructions, or other aircraft. The controller may discontinue the issuance of further alerts if the pilot advises he/she is taking action to correct the situation or has the other aircraft in sight.

a. Terrain/Obstruction Alert- A safety alert issued by ATC to aircraft under their control if ATC is aware the aircraft is at an altitude which, in the controller's judgment, places the aircraft in unsafe proximity to terrain/obstructions; e.g., "Low Altitude Alert, check your altitude immediately."

b. Aircraft Conflict Alert- A safety alert issued by ATC to aircraft under their control if ATC is aware of an aircraft that is not under their control at an altitude which, in the controller's judgment, places both aircraft in unsafe proximity to each other. With the alert, ATC will offer the pilot an alternate course of action when feasible; e.g., "Traffic Alert, advise you turn right heading zero niner zero or climb to eight thousand immediately."

Note: The issuance of a safety alert is contingent upon the capability of the controller to have an awareness of an unsafe condition. The course of action provided will be predicated on other traffic under ATC control. Once the alert is issued, it is solely the pilot's prerogative to determine what course of action, if any, he/she will take.

5. LIGHT GUN- A handheld directional light signaling device which emits a brilliant narrow beam of white, green, or red light as selected by the tower controller. The color and type of light transmitted can be used to approve or disapprove anticipated pilot actions where radio communication is not available. The light gun is used for controlling traffic operating in the vicinity of the airport and on the airport movement area.

신호종류	의 미
	비행중 항공기	지상에 있는 항공기	차량 장비 및 사람
연속되는 녹색신호	착륙을 허가함	이륙을 허가함	통과 또는 진행할것
연속되는 적색신호	다른 항공기에 진로를 양보하고 계속 선회할것	정지할것	정지할 것
깜빡이는 녹색신호	착륙을 준비할 것	지상활주를 허가함
깜빡이는 적색신호	착륙하지 말 것	사용중인 착륙지역으로부터 벗어날 것	활주로 도는 유도로에서 벗어날 것
깜빡이는 백색신호		비행장안의 출발지점으로 돌아갈 것	비행장안의 출발지점으로 돌아갈 것
Alternating Red & Green	Exercise extreme caution	Exercise extreme caution	Exercise extreme caution

6. LOST COMMUNICATIONS- Loss of the ability to communicate by radio. Aircraft are sometimes referred to as NORDO (No Radio). Standard pilot procedures are specified in 14 CFR Part 91. Radar controllers issue procedures for pilots to follow in the event of lost communications during a radar approach when weather reports indicate that an aircraft will likely encounter IFR weather conditions during the approach. 라디오 통신능력의 상실

활용) radio만 failure 되고 다른 계기는 정상 작동 한다면 이는 전기적 원인일수도 있으므로 최대한 전기를 아껴서 비행을 해야 한다. 그러나 단순히 radio만 failure라면 고고도에서 장주를 어느 정도 돌면서 상황을 봐서 Seperation을 하여 적당한 때에 들어와야 한다. 통신두절, 항공법시행규칙 제 214조의 규정에 의거 무선통신이 두절된 항공기가 준수해야하는 비행절차

Tip) Emergency Landing : IFR / VFR에서 다름 : 여러 가지 모든 상황(Failure 될 수 있는)을 다 할수 있어야 한다

7. LOCAL TRAFFIC- Aircraft operating in the traffic pattern or within sight of the tower, or aircraft known to be departing or arriving from flight in local practice areas, or aircraft executing practice instrument approaches at the airport.

활용) 비행장 주변의 모든 traffic : 어느 정도의 거리를 기준으로 정할 수 없음, 장주비행이다 어느 정도 다 라고 말할 수가 없음, 10mile 이상이 되는 practice Instrument approach과 같이 tower가 운영되는 곳에서 훈련시도 Local traffic이라고 한다

8. LOW APPROACH : 착륙을 위한 접근 후, touch down 하지 않고 저고도로 pass 하는 것.