ADM (Aeronautical Decision Making)

1. A systematic approach to the mental process used by aircraft pilots to consistently determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances.

2. Two models are commonly used when practicing aeronautical decision making

- The DECIDE model & The 3P model

3. The DECIDE model

- Detect a change needing attention.

- Estimate the need to counter or react to a change.

- Choose the most desirable outcome for the flight.

- Identify actions to successfully control the change.

- Do something to adapt to the change.

- Evaluate the effect of the action countering the change.

4. The 3P model

- Perceive : the given set of circumstances for a flight; think through circumstances related to the PAVE (Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressures).

- Process : by evaluating their impact on flight safety. Think through the Consequences of each hazard, Alternatives available, Reality of the situation, and External pressures (CARE) that might influence your analysis.

- Perform : by implementing the best course of action. Determine the best course of action.

5. Five hazardous attitudes & Antidotes

Attitude	Antidote
Anti-authority : Don't tell me!	Follow the rules - they are usually right.
Impulsivity : Do something quickly!	Think first - not so fast.
Invulnerability : It won't happen to me.	It could happen to me.
Macho : I can do it.	Taking chances is foolish.
Resignation : What's the use?	I can make a difference, I am not helpless.